Adrenal hemorrhage
Adrenal Hemorrhage
Adrenal hemorrhage (pronounced: uh-DREEN-l HEM-uh-rij) is a rare condition characterized by bleeding into the adrenal glands. The adrenal glands are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of the kidneys. They produce hormones that regulate body functions such as metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, and response to stress.
Etymology
The term "adrenal" is derived from the Latin ad (near) and renes (kidneys), referring to the glands' location. "Hemorrhage" comes from the Greek haima (blood) and rhegnynai (to burst forth), describing the condition's main symptom.
Causes
Adrenal hemorrhage can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma, sepsis, anticoagulant therapy, and adrenal tumors. It can also occur spontaneously, especially in newborns and in patients with Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome.
Symptoms
Symptoms of adrenal hemorrhage may include abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and hypotension. In severe cases, it can lead to adrenal insufficiency or Addison's disease, conditions characterized by insufficient production of adrenal hormones.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of adrenal hemorrhage typically involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. Blood tests may also be used to measure levels of adrenal hormones.
Treatment
Treatment for adrenal hemorrhage depends on the cause and severity of the condition. It may involve surgery, blood transfusion, or hormone replacement therapy. In some cases, treatment of the underlying cause (e.g., sepsis or trauma) may be sufficient to resolve the hemorrhage.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Adrenal hemorrhage
- Wikipedia's article - Adrenal hemorrhage
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