Alkenes
Alkenes
Alkenes (/ˈælkiːnz/), also known as olefins or unsaturated hydrocarbons, are a type of hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon double bond. The term "alkene" is derived from the Greek word "alkinos", meaning "strong", due to the strong bonds present in these compounds.
Structure
Alkenes have the general formula CnH2n. The carbon-carbon double bond is the defining characteristic of an alkene. This double bond results in a planar structure, with the bonded atoms arranged in a flat plane. The double bond also gives alkenes their characteristic chemical reactivity.
Classification
Alkenes can be classified into two main types: mono-alkenes, which contain only one double bond, and poly-alkenes, which contain two or more double bonds. Mono-alkenes can be further classified based on the location of the double bond: terminal alkenes have the double bond at the end of the carbon chain, while internal alkenes have the double bond in the middle of the chain.
Properties
Alkenes are generally less dense than water and are insoluble in water due to their nonpolar nature. They are, however, soluble in organic solvents. Alkenes are also highly reactive due to the presence of the carbon-carbon double bond, which can readily participate in addition reactions.
Uses
Alkenes are widely used in the chemical industry. They serve as starting materials for the synthesis of a wide variety of chemicals, including polymers, detergents, and pharmaceuticals. They are also used in the production of fuels and lubricants.
See also
References
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Alkenes
- Wikipedia's article - Alkenes
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