Ammonium bituminosulfonate

A topical medication used in dermatology

Ammonium bituminosulfonate

Ichthyol ointment, a common form of ammonium bituminosulfonate

Ammonium bituminosulfonate, commonly known as Ichthyol, is a sulfonated shale oil used in dermatology for its anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, and fungicidal properties. It is a dark brown, viscous liquid with a characteristic bituminous odor.

Chemical composition

Ammonium bituminosulfonate is derived from the distillation of sulfur-rich oil shale. The resulting product is sulfonated and neutralized with ammonia to produce the final compound. It contains a complex mixture of sulfonated hydrocarbons, which contribute to its therapeutic effects.

Medical uses

Ammonium bituminosulfonate is primarily used in the treatment of various skin conditions. It is applied topically in the form of ointments or creams. Some of the common conditions treated with this compound include:

• Eczema
• Psoriasis
• Acne
• Furunculosis
• Seborrheic dermatitis

The compound is known for its ability to reduce inflammation and promote healing in these conditions.

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action of ammonium bituminosulfonate is not fully understood. However, it is believed to exert its effects through several pathways:

• Anti-inflammatory action: It reduces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators.
• Antimicrobial activity: It has bactericidal and fungicidal properties, which help in reducing skin infections.
• Keratolytic effect: It helps in the shedding of the outer layer of the skin, promoting the healing of lesions.

Side effects

While generally well-tolerated, ammonium bituminosulfonate can cause some side effects, particularly with prolonged use. These may include:

• Skin irritation
• Allergic reactions
• Photosensitivity

Patients are advised to use the medication as directed by a healthcare professional to minimize the risk of adverse effects.

History

Ammonium bituminosulfonate has been used in dermatology since the late 19th century. It was first introduced in Germany and quickly gained popularity due to its effectiveness in treating skin conditions. Over the years, it has remained a staple in dermatological treatments, particularly in Europe.

Related pages

• Dermatology
• Topical medication
• Anti-inflammatory