Branchial cleft

Branchial Cleft

Branchial cleft (/ˈbrænkiəl klɛft/), also known as pharyngeal cleft, is a term used in embryology to describe the grooves that form on the lateral neck region of an embryo during its development. The term "branchial" is derived from the Greek word "branchia", which means gills, and "cleft" from the Old English "cleofan", meaning to split.

Etymology

The term "branchial" is derived from the Greek word "branchia", which means gills. This is in reference to the fact that these clefts in fish and some amphibians develop into gills. The term "cleft" is derived from the Old English "cleofan", meaning to split. This refers to the splitting or division that occurs in the embryonic tissue to form these clefts.

Development

During the embryonic development, four pairs of branchial clefts are formed in humans. These clefts correspond to the gill slits in fish and some amphibians. In humans, the first cleft develops into the external ear canal, while the second, third, and fourth clefts form structures within the neck and throat.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in the development of the branchial clefts can lead to a variety of congenital conditions, collectively known as branchial cleft anomalies. These can include cysts, sinuses, and fistulas, which can cause symptoms such as swelling, infection, or discharge from the neck.

Related Terms

• Branchial arches
• Branchial pouches
• Branchial cleft cyst
• Branchial cleft anomalies
• Embryology

See Also

• Pharyngeal apparatus
• Pharyngeal arches
• Pharyngeal pouches

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Branchial cleft
• Wikipedia's article - Branchial cleft

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