Brown-Sequard syndrome

Brown-Sequard syndrome (pronounced: /ˈbraʊn sɪˈkwɑːrd/), also known as hemisection of the spinal cord, is a rare neurological condition characterized by a lesion in the spinal cord resulting in weakness or paralysis (hemiparaplegia) on one side of the body and a loss of sensation (hemianesthesia) on the opposite side.

Etymology

The syndrome is named after the physician Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard, who first described the condition in 1850.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Brown-Sequard syndrome can vary depending on the exact location and extent of the spinal cord lesion. Common symptoms include:

• Weakness or paralysis on one side of the body (hemiparaplegia)
• Loss of pain and temperature sensation on the opposite side of the body
• Bowel and bladder dysfunction

Causes

Brown-Sequard syndrome is most commonly caused by a spinal cord injury that affects only one side of the spinal cord. Other potential causes include:

• Tumors that press on one side of the spinal cord
• Infections of the spinal cord
• Multiple sclerosis
• Stroke

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Brown-Sequard syndrome is typically made based on the characteristic pattern of symptoms and a neurological examination. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or a computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to confirm the diagnosis and identify the cause of the syndrome.

Treatment

Treatment for Brown-Sequard syndrome is aimed at addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve surgery to remove a tumor or relieve pressure on the spinal cord, medication to treat infections or manage symptoms, and physical therapy to improve mobility and function.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Brown-Sequard syndrome can vary widely depending on the cause and extent of the spinal cord lesion. Some individuals may experience significant improvement with treatment, while others may have permanent symptoms.

See also

• Spinal cord injury
• Hemiplegia
• Hemianesthesia

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Brown-Sequard syndrome
• Wikipedia's article - Brown-Sequard syndrome

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