CRISPR
CRISPR
CRISPR (/ˈkrɪspər/), an acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, is a family of DNA sequences found in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea. These sequences are derived from DNA fragments of bacteriophages that had previously infected the prokaryote and are used to detect and destroy DNA from similar bacteriophages during subsequent infections.
Etymology
The term CRISPR is an acronym for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats. The name was minted by Francisco Mojica, a microbiologist at the University of Alicante in Spain, who was one of the first to describe the function of these sequences.
Related Terms
- CRISPR-Cas9: A revolutionary gene-editing system that utilizes the CRISPR sequences and the Cas9 protein to create targeted breaks in an organism's DNA, allowing for precise genetic modifications.
- Cas9: An RNA-guided DNA endonuclease enzyme associated with the CRISPR system that is used in gene editing applications.
- Gene Editing: A type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in the genome of a living organism.
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Bacteriophage: A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on CRISPR
- Wikipedia's article - CRISPR
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