Chiasmatic groove

Chiasmatic Groove (also known as the optic groove) is a shallow depression on the upper surface of the sphenoid bone in the human skull. It is located in the middle cranial fossa, between the optic canal and the pituitary fossa. The chiasmatic groove houses the optic chiasm, where the optic nerves cross.

Etymology

The term "chiasmatic" is derived from the Greek word "chiásma," which means "crossing." This refers to the crossing of the optic nerves in this area. The term "groove" is derived from the Old English word "grōf," which means a "furrow" or "channel."

Anatomy

The chiasmatic groove is a part of the sphenoid bone, which is one of the seven bones that make up the orbit in the human skull. It is located in the middle cranial fossa, anterior to the sella turcica and posterior to the ethmoid bone. The groove is shallow and elongated, running horizontally across the sphenoid bone.

The chiasmatic groove houses the optic chiasm, a part of the brain where the optic nerves cross. This is a crucial area for vision, as it allows the visual signals from each eye to be processed by both hemispheres of the brain.

Clinical Significance

Due to its location and the important structures it houses, the chiasmatic groove can be involved in various medical conditions. For instance, tumors in this area, such as pituitary adenomas, can compress the optic chiasm and cause visual disturbances. Similarly, inflammation or other pathological changes in this area can also affect vision.

Related Terms

• Optic Chiasm
• Sphenoid Bone
• Optic Canal
• Pituitary Fossa
• Sella Turcica
• Ethmoid Bone

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