Club cell

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Club cells, formerly known as Clara cells, are non-ciliated cells found in the bronchioles of the lungs. They play a crucial role in maintaining the health of the respiratory tract by secreting protective proteins and detoxifying harmful substances.

Structure[edit]

Club cells are characterized by their dome-shaped apical surface and lack of cilia. They contain abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum and secretory granules, which are involved in the production and secretion of various proteins.

Function[edit]

Club cells have several important functions:

**Secretion of protective proteins**: They secrete club cell secretory protein (CCSP), which has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties.
**Detoxification**: Club cells contain enzymes that help detoxify harmful substances inhaled into the lungs.
**Regeneration**: They act as progenitor cells, capable of differentiating into other cell types to repair the bronchiolar epithelium after injury.

Clinical significance[edit]

Club cells are involved in various lung diseases. A decrease in their number or function can contribute to conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.

History[edit]

The cells were originally named after Max Clara, who first described them in 1937. However, due to Clara's association with the Nazi regime, the name was changed to "club cells" to dissociate from this historical context.

References[edit]