Coccidioides posadasii
Coccidioides posadasii (pronunciation: kok-sid-ee-oy-deez poh-sah-dah-see-eye) is a pathogenic fungus that causes Coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley Fever. This fungus is endemic to certain parts of the Americas, particularly in the Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico, Central America, and South America.
Etymology
The name Coccidioides posadasii is derived from the Greek word "kokkos" which means "berry", and "eidos" which means "resemblance". The species name posadasii is named after Alejandro Posadas, the doctor who first described the disease in 1892.
Life Cycle
Coccidioides posadasii exists in two different forms throughout its life cycle. In the environment, it grows as a mycelium which eventually forms arthroconidia. When these arthroconidia are inhaled by a susceptible host, they transform into spherules, which is the parasitic form of the fungus.
Disease
Infection with Coccidioides posadasii can lead to Coccidioidomycosis, also known as Valley Fever. This disease primarily affects the lungs and can range from a mild, flu-like illness to severe pneumonia. In rare cases, the infection can spread to other parts of the body, causing disseminated disease.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis of Coccidioides posadasii infection is typically made through laboratory testing, including culture, serology, and molecular methods. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, such as fluconazole or itraconazole.
Prevention
Prevention of Coccidioides posadasii infection primarily involves avoiding exposure to dust and soil in endemic areas. Currently, there is no vaccine available to prevent infection.
See Also
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