Coloboma
Coloboma
Coloboma (pronunciation: /kɒləˈboʊmə/) is a medical term that refers to a gap or defect in the structure of the eye, which is typically present from birth. The term is derived from the Greek word "koloboma," meaning "curtailed" or "mutilated."
Definition
A coloboma can affect one or both eyes and can impact several different parts of the eye, including the iris, choroid, retina, optic disc, and eyelid. The condition is a result of incomplete development of the eye during pregnancy.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a coloboma can vary greatly depending on the part of the eye affected and the extent of the defect. Some individuals with a coloboma may have normal vision, while others may have significant vision impairment. Common symptoms can include decreased visual acuity, blurred vision, and scotoma (an area of partial alteration in the field of vision).
Causes
Coloboma is typically a congenital condition, meaning it is present from birth. It occurs when a gap, known as the optic fissure, fails to close up completely before a child is born. The exact cause of this failure is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for coloboma, but treatment can help manage symptoms and prevent complications. Treatment options can include corrective glasses or contact lenses, surgery, and low vision aids. In some cases, a prosthetic eye may be recommended.
Related Terms
- Microphthalmia: A disorder in which one or both eyes are abnormally small.
- Anophthalmia: The absence of one or both eyes.
- Optic Nerve Hypoplasia: Underdevelopment of the optic nerve.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Coloboma
- Wikipedia's article - Coloboma
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