Corneal dystrophy
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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| Corneal dystrophy | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vision impairment, corneal opacity, corneal erosion |
| Complications | Vision loss, corneal scarring |
| Onset | Varies by type, often in childhood or adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | Epithelial, Stromal, Endothelial |
| Causes | Genetic disorder |
| Risks | Family history |
| Diagnosis | Slit-lamp examination, genetic testing |
| Differential diagnosis | Keratoconus, Fuchs' dystrophy |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corneal transplantation, phototherapeutic keratectomy, contact lenses |
| Medication | Lubricating eye drops, hypertonic saline |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Varies by type, some are rare |
| Deaths | Rarely life-threatening |
Corneal dystrophy is a group of rare hereditary disorders characterized by bilateral abnormal deposition of substances in the transparent front part of the eye, the cornea.
Types
There are over 20 types of corneal dystrophy, which are usually classified according to their anatomical location and include:
Symptoms
The symptoms of corneal dystrophy can vary depending on the specific type and stage of the condition. Some people may not experience any symptoms, while others may have significant vision impairment. Symptoms can include:
Causes
Corneal dystrophies are usually caused by abnormal genetic material inherited from parents. The genetic defect causes the cells in the cornea to produce abnormal proteins, which can accumulate and cause the cornea to become cloudy or irregular.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of corneal dystrophy can be made by an ophthalmologist using a variety of tests, including:
Treatment
Treatment for corneal dystrophy depends on the type and severity of the condition. Options can include:
See also
References
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
