Cry1Ac
Cry1Ac is a toxin produced by the Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium. It is used in genetic engineering to create insect-resistant crops. The toxin is specific to certain insects, particularly the cotton bollworm and the pink bollworm, and does not harm humans or other mammals.
Structure and Function
Cry1Ac is a delta-endotoxin, a type of toxin that forms a crystal structure. This structure is activated in the alkaline environment of the insect's gut, where it binds to specific receptors and creates pores in the gut lining. This causes the insect to stop feeding and eventually die.
Use in Genetic Engineering
Cry1Ac has been used in the genetic engineering of several crops, including cotton, corn, and soybeans. The gene for the toxin is inserted into the plant's DNA, allowing the plant to produce the toxin itself. This provides the plant with resistance to certain insects, reducing the need for pesticides.
Safety
Studies have shown that Cry1Ac is safe for humans and other mammals. It is specific to certain insects and does not affect other organisms. However, there is ongoing research into the potential effects of consuming genetically modified crops that produce Cry1Ac.
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
