Crystal field theory
Crystal Field Theory (pronounced: /ˈkrɪstl fiːld ˈθɪəri/) is a model that describes the breaking of degeneracies of electron orbital states, usually d or f orbitals, due to a static electric field produced by a surrounding charge distribution (anion neighbors). This theory has been used to describe various spectroscopies of transition metal coordination complexes, in particular optical spectra (colors).
Etymology
The term "Crystal Field Theory" originates from the study of the interaction of electromagnetic waves with crystals, where the crystal lattice creates a "field" that affects the behavior of the waves. The theory was later adapted to describe the behavior of electrons in transition metal complexes.
Related Terms
- Ligand Field Theory: An extension of crystal field theory that considers the effects of covalent as well as ionic bonding.
- Transition Metal: A type of metallic element characterized by its ability to form stable, colored complexes with ligands.
- Coordination Complex: A structure consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, known as ligands.
- Spectroscopy: The study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
See Also
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