Dye
Dye
Dye (/daɪ/), from the Old English deah or deag, is a substance that imparts color when it is applied to a material. The dye is generally used in a solution, and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber.
History
The use of dyes dates back to ancient times, with evidence of dye use found in early civilizations such as the Egyptians and Chinese. The first synthetic dyes were created in the mid-19th century.
Types of Dyes
There are several types of dyes, including:
- Acid Dyes: These are water-soluble anionic dyes that are applied to fibers such as silk, wool, and nylon.
- Basic Dyes: These are cationic dyes and are mainly used for acrylic fibers.
- Direct Dyes: These are another class of dyes, one of the two types of dyes that are mixed in 'all purpose' dyes such as Rit.
- Disperse Dyes: These are used to dye polyester and acetate fibers.
Applications
Dyes are used in a variety of industries, including textiles, leather, paper, and food. They are also used in biology and medicine for staining and diagnostic purposes.
Health and Environmental Concerns
Some dyes, particularly those used in the textile industry, have been associated with health and environmental concerns. Certain dyes are carcinogenic, and many dyes are toxic to aquatic life.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dye
- Wikipedia's article - Dye
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