Elasticity (physics)
Elasticity (physics)
Elasticity (pronounced: /iː.læsˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/) is a fundamental concept in Physics that describes the physical property of a material to return to its original shape or size after being deformed or stretched. The term is derived from the Greek word 'elastikos', which means 'able to stretch'.
Definition
In physics, Elasticity is the ability of a body to resist a distorting influence or stress and to return to its original size and shape when the stress is removed. The physical reasons for elastic behavior can be quite different for different materials. In metals, the atomic lattice changes size and shape when forces are applied (energy is added to the system). When forces are removed, the lattice goes back to the original lower energy state.
Types of Elasticity
There are several types of elasticity, including:
- Elastic limit: The maximum stress that a material will withstand without permanent deformation.
- Hooke's Law: The principle that the stress applied to a material is directly proportional to the strain produced. This is the basic principle of elasticity.
- Young's modulus: A measure of the stiffness of a material, defined as the ratio of stress to strain.
- Shear modulus: A measure of the elasticity of a material under shear stress.
- Bulk modulus: A measure of a substance's resistance to uniform compression.
Applications
Elasticity has numerous applications in various fields such as Engineering, Materials Science, Earth Science, and Biology. For instance, in engineering, understanding the elastic properties of materials can help in the design of structures like bridges and buildings.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Elasticity (physics)
- Wikipedia's article - Elasticity (physics)
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