Electrical alternans
Electrical Alternans
Electrical alternans (pronunciation: /ɪˈlɛktrɪkəl ˈɔːltənənz/) is a phenomenon in electrocardiography where there is a variation in the amplitude or axis of the QRS complex in an alternating pattern. This condition is often associated with pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade.
Etymology
The term 'Electrical alternans' is derived from the Latin word 'alternans' which means 'alternating', and 'electrical' referring to the electrical activity of the heart.
Definition
Electrical alternans is defined as a cyclic beat-to-beat variation in one or more components of the electrocardiogram (ECG), most commonly the QRS complex. It is a sign of increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Clinical Significance
Electrical alternans is a significant finding on an ECG and is often associated with large pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade. It can also be seen in patients with severe left ventricular dysfunction, myocardial infarction, and pulmonary embolism.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of electrical alternans is made by observing the characteristic alternating pattern of the QRS complex on an ECG. The presence of electrical alternans, especially when associated with sinus tachycardia and low QRS voltage, is highly suggestive of cardiac tamponade.
Related Terms
- Electrocardiogram (ECG)
- Pericardial effusion
- Cardiac tamponade
- Myocardial infarction
- Pulmonary embolism
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Electrical alternans
- Wikipedia's article - Electrical alternans
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