Emmetropia

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Emmetropia
Synonyms	Normal vision
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Ophthalmology
Symptoms	Clear vision at all distances
Complications	None
Onset	Congenital or develops with growth
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Proper alignment and shape of the eye
Risks	None
Diagnosis	Eye examination
Differential diagnosis	Myopia, Hyperopia, Astigmatism
Prevention	None required
Treatment	None required
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Excellent
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Emmetropia is a state of the eye where the optical power of the eye is perfectly matched to its length, resulting in images being focused correctly on the retina. This condition is often referred to as having "normal" or "perfect" vision.

Introduction

In an emmetropic eye, parallel rays of light from an infinite distance (essentially, any distance over 20 feet is considered "optical infinity") are focused through the cornea and lens such that they form a sharp image directly on the retina. This results in clear, sharp vision without the need for corrective lenses.

Causes

Emmetropia is the natural state of the eye. It is achieved when the cornea and lens of the eye have the correct curvature and the eye is the correct length. Any deviation from this can result in refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), or astigmatism.

Diagnosis

Emmetropia is diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination. This includes a refraction test, which measures the eye's need for corrective lenses, and a visual acuity test, which measures the sharpness of vision.

Treatment

As emmetropia is the ideal state of the eye, no treatment is necessary. However, regular eye examinations are recommended to monitor for any changes in vision or eye health.

See also

• Myopia
• Hyperopia
• Astigmatism
• Eye examination
• Refractive error

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