Enterochromaffin-like cell
Enterochromaffin-like cell
Enterochromaffin-like cells or ECL cells (pronounced: en-ter-o-kro-maf-fin-like cells) are a type of neuroendocrine cell found in the stomach. They are part of the gastrointestinal tract and play a crucial role in the regulation of gastric acid secretion.
Etymology
The term "enterochromaffin" is derived from the Greek words "enteron" meaning intestine, "chroma" meaning color, and "affinity". This is due to the cells' affinity for chromium salts, which gives them a distinct color when stained. The "-like" suffix is added because these cells resemble the enterochromaffin cells found in the intestine.
Function
ECL cells are primarily responsible for the production and release of histamine, a key regulator of gastric acid secretion. They are stimulated by the hormone gastrin, which is released by G cells in the stomach. Upon stimulation, ECL cells release histamine, which then binds to H2 receptors on parietal cells, triggering the secretion of gastric acid.
Related Terms
- Neuroendocrine cell: A type of cell that releases hormones into the blood in response to signals from the nervous system.
- Gastrointestinal tract: The series of organs in the digestive system through which food passes, nutrients are absorbed, and waste is eliminated.
- Gastrin: A hormone that stimulates the secretion of gastric acid by the stomach.
- Histamine: A compound that is released by cells in response to injury and in allergic and inflammatory reactions, causing contraction of smooth muscle and dilation of capillaries.
- Parietal cell: A type of cell in the stomach that produces and secretes gastric acid.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Enterochromaffin-like cell
- Wikipedia's article - Enterochromaffin-like cell
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