Epulis fissuratum

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Epulis fissuratum
Synonyms	Denture-induced fibrous hyperplasia
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Oral mucosa overgrowth, irritation
Complications	Ulceration, discomfort
Onset	Gradual
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Ill-fitting dentures
Risks	Poorly fitting dental appliances
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Pyogenic granuloma, fibroma, squamous cell carcinoma
Prevention	Properly fitting dentures, regular dental check-ups
Treatment	Surgical excision, denture adjustment
Medication	None specific
Prognosis	Good with treatment
Frequency	Common in denture wearers
Deaths	N/A

Epulis fissuratum is a benign hyperplastic growth of fibrous connective tissue that occurs in the oral cavity. It is commonly associated with ill-fitting dentures and is characterized by folds of excess tissue that develop in the vestibule of the mouth.

Etiology

Epulis fissuratum is primarily caused by chronic irritation from the flange of a poorly fitting denture. The constant mechanical irritation leads to an inflammatory response, resulting in the proliferation of fibrous tissue.

Clinical Features

The condition presents as one or more folds of hyperplastic tissue, usually in the vestibular mucosa. These folds can vary in size and are often painless, although they may become ulcerated or infected if not treated. The tissue is typically firm and fibrous in consistency.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of epulis fissuratum is primarily clinical, based on the appearance of the lesion and its association with denture use. A biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions such as squamous cell carcinoma or other types of oral lesions.

Treatment

The primary treatment for epulis fissuratum is the surgical excision of the hyperplastic tissue. This is often followed by the adjustment or replacement of the offending denture to prevent recurrence. In some cases, a soft tissue conditioning material may be used temporarily to alleviate irritation.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with epulis fissuratum is generally excellent following surgical removal and proper adjustment of dentures. Recurrence is uncommon if the underlying cause is addressed.

Prevention

Preventive measures include regular dental check-ups to ensure proper fit of dentures, patient education on the importance of denture hygiene, and timely adjustment or replacement of dentures as needed.

See Also

• Denture-related stomatitis
• Oral pathology
• Fibroma