Esters
Esters
Esters (pronounced: /ˈɛstərz/) are a class of organic compounds that react with water to produce alcohols and organic or inorganic acids. They are derived from an inorganic acid or organic acid in which at least one -OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an -O-alkyl (alkoxy) group.
Etymology
The term "ester" was coined in the 19th century by a German chemist named Leopold Gmelin. It is derived from the German word "Essigäther", which translates to "acetic ether".
Structure
Esters are characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group adjacent to an ether group. The general formula of an ester is R-COO-R', where R and R' are any organic groups. The R-COO part of the molecule is known as the carboxyl group, and the R' part is known as the alkyl group.
Properties
Esters are known for their distinctive fruity smells and are commonly used in perfumes, flavorings, and other fragrances. They are also used in the production of polymers, including some types of plastics and resins.
Synthesis
Esters are commonly synthesized in the laboratory by the reaction of carboxylic acids with alcohols in the presence of acid catalysts. This process is known as esterification.
Uses
Esters have a wide range of uses in various industries. They are used in the production of plastics, resins, perfumes, and flavorings. They are also used as solvents for a variety of chemical reactions.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Esters
- Wikipedia's article - Esters
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