Ethynyl group
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The ethynyl group is a functional group in organic chemistry with the formula −C≡CH. It is derived from acetylene (C2H2) by removal of one hydrogen atom. The ethynyl group is characterized by a carbon-carbon triple bond, which is a defining feature of alkynes.
Structure
The ethynyl group consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to another carbon atom, which is also bonded to a hydrogen atom. This linear arrangement gives the ethynyl group its unique chemical properties. The carbon-carbon triple bond is composed of one sigma bond and two pi bonds, making it a region of high electron density.
Reactivity
The ethynyl group is highly reactive due to the presence of the carbon-carbon triple bond. It can participate in a variety of chemical reactions, including:
- Nucleophilic addition reactions, where nucleophiles attack the electron-deficient carbon atom.
- Hydrogenation, where the triple bond is converted to a single bond by the addition of hydrogen.
- Halogenation, where halogens add across the triple bond.
Applications
Ethynyl groups are important in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, polymers, and organic compounds. They are used as building blocks in organic synthesis to introduce alkyne functionality into molecules.
See also
References
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