Gender disparities in health

Gender disparities in health refer to the differences in health outcomes and indicators between men and women that are avoidable and unjust. These disparities can be influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors, as well as individual behaviors and biological factors.

Overview

Gender is a significant determinant of health, influencing both the risk of disease and access to health services. Gender disparities in health are not only apparent between men and women, but also among different groups of women and men. These disparities can be attributed to a variety of factors, including socioeconomic status, race, and ethnicity.

Causes

The causes of gender disparities in health are complex and multifaceted. They include biological differences, social and economic disparities, and health system factors.

Biological differences

Biological differences between men and women can contribute to disparities in health outcomes. For example, women are more likely to experience certain chronic diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, while men are more likely to experience heart disease and lung cancer.

Social and economic disparities

Social and economic disparities can also contribute to gender disparities in health. Women, particularly those in low-income communities, often have less access to quality healthcare services. They may also face barriers to healthcare, such as lack of transportation or inability to take time off work.

Health system factors

Health system factors, such as the availability and quality of healthcare services, can also contribute to gender disparities in health. For example, women may receive less aggressive treatment for heart disease than men, contributing to poorer outcomes.

Impact

Gender disparities in health can have significant impacts on individuals and communities. They can lead to poorer health outcomes, lower quality of life, and increased healthcare costs. Addressing these disparities is a key priority for public health.

Strategies for addressing gender disparities in health

There are several strategies for addressing gender disparities in health, including:

• Improving access to healthcare services for women and men
• Addressing social and economic disparities that contribute to health disparities
• Implementing gender-sensitive health policies and programs
• Conducting research to better understand the causes and impacts of gender disparities in health

See also

• Health disparities
• Gender and health
• Women's health
• Men's health

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Gender disparities in health

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  FGM prevalence UNICEF 2016

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  NIHR infographic women in healthcare

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  Training rural women in Oral Health Promotion activities in Nepal