Gingival enlargement
(Redirected from Gingival hypertrophy)
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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| Gingival enlargement | |
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| Synonyms | Gingival hyperplasia, gingival hypertrophy |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Swollen gums, bleeding gums, redness, pain |
| Complications | Periodontitis, tooth loss |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Plaque accumulation, medications, hormonal changes, genetic factors |
| Risks | Poor oral hygiene, certain medications (e.g., phenytoin, cyclosporine, calcium channel blockers), pregnancy, puberty, genetic predisposition |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, dental X-rays |
| Differential diagnosis | Periodontitis, gingivitis, fibromatosis gingivae |
| Prevention | Good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups |
| Treatment | Scaling and root planing, surgical removal, medication adjustment |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Gingival Enlargement is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal growth and enlargement of the gingiva (gums). It is also known as gingival hyperplasia or gingival overgrowth. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including inflammation, medication, genetic disorders, and systemic diseases.
Causes
Gingival enlargement can be caused by a variety of factors. These include:
- Inflammation: This is the most common cause of gingival enlargement. It can be caused by poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, or other oral infections.
- Medication: Certain medications, such as anticonvulsants, immunosuppressants, and calcium channel blockers, can cause gingival enlargement.
- Genetic disorders: Some genetic disorders, such as hereditary gingival fibromatosis, can cause gingival enlargement.
- Systemic diseases: Certain systemic diseases, such as leukemia and HIV/AIDS, can cause gingival enlargement.
Symptoms
The symptoms of gingival enlargement can vary depending on the cause. They may include:
- Swollen, red, or tender gums
- Bleeding gums
- Bad breath
- Difficulty chewing or swallowing
- Loose teeth
Treatment
The treatment for gingival enlargement depends on the cause. It may include:
- Oral hygiene: Good oral hygiene can help to reduce inflammation and prevent gingival enlargement.
- Medication: If the enlargement is caused by medication, the doctor may change the medication or adjust the dosage.
- Surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove the excess gum tissue.
See also
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
