Phenytoin
Phenytoin
Phenytoin (pronounced: /fɛˈnɪtoʊɪn/) is an anticonvulsant medication that is primarily used to control certain types of seizures. It is also used to prevent seizures during or after surgery.
Etymology
The term "Phenytoin" is derived from the chemical structure of the drug, which includes a phenyl ring and a hydantoin ring. The name is a combination of "phenyl" and "hydantoin".
Usage
Phenytoin works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures. It is used to control seizures, but it does not cure epilepsy and only works to control seizures as long as the medication is taken.
Related Terms
- Anticonvulsant: A type of drug used to prevent or reduce the severity of seizures.
- Seizure: A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain.
- Epilepsy: A neurological disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness.
- Hydantoin: A heterocyclic organic compound that forms the core of several pharmaceuticals, including phenytoin.
Side Effects
Common side effects of phenytoin include nausea, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, headache, and trouble sleeping. Serious side effects can include skin rash, liver problems, and problems with blood cells.
Precautions
Before taking phenytoin, it is important to inform your doctor if you have liver disease, diabetes, or a history of depression or suicidal thoughts. It is also important to avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication, as it can increase some of the side effects of phenytoin.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Phenytoin
- Wikipedia's article - Phenytoin
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