Gram negative

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Gram Negative

Gram negative (pronounced: /ɡræm ˈnɛɡətɪv/) is a term used in microbiology to classify bacteria based on the characteristics of their cell wall, specifically their reaction to the Gram stain test. The term was named after the Danish bacteriologist Hans Christian Gram, who developed the Gram stain.

Etymology

The term "Gram negative" is derived from the name of Hans Christian Gram, a Danish bacteriologist who developed the Gram stain technique in 1884. The word "negative" refers to the result of the Gram stain test, where bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the test are classified as Gram negative.

Characteristics

Gram negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan cell wall, which is located between an inner cell membrane and a bacterial outer membrane. This structure is responsible for the Gram negative bacteria's characteristic resistance to antibiotics and detergents.

Examples

Some examples of Gram negative bacteria include Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella.

Related Terms

  • Gram Stain: A method of staining bacterial cells to identify and classify them into two large groups (Gram-positive and Gram-negative).
  • Peptidoglycan: A polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria, forming the cell wall.
  • Antibiotics: Drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria.

See Also

External links

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