Grey matter

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Grey matter

Grey matter (== Template:IPA ==

The Template:IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is a system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin alphabet. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standardized representation of the sounds of spoken language.

Pronunciation

The pronunciation of the term "IPA" is /aɪ piː eɪ/ in English.

Etymology

The term "IPA" is an acronym for the International Phonetic Alphabet. The International Phonetic Association, founded in 1886, created the IPA to provide a single, universal system for the transcription of spoken language.

Related Terms

  • Phonetic notation: A system used to visually represent the sounds of speech. The IPA is one type of phonetic notation.
  • Phonetics: The study of the physical sounds of human speech. It is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds (phonemes), and the processes of their physiological production, auditory reception, and neurophysiological perception.
  • Phonology: The study of the way sounds function within a particular language or languages. While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a particular language or languages.
  • Transcription (linguistics): The systematic representation of spoken language in written form. The source of the words transcribe and transcription, the term means "to write across" in Latin, and it's the process of converting spoken language into written form. In linguistics, this is often done using the IPA.

External links

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Languages: - East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski) is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, glial cells, synapses, and capillary vessels.

Etymology

The term "grey matter" is derived from the greyish-brown color of tissue in the brain and spinal cord. The color is due to a high content of neuromelanin, a type of pigment, in neuronal cell bodies.

Function

Grey matter is involved in muscle control, sensory perception such as seeing and hearing, memory, emotions, and speech. It is contrasted with white matter, which consists mainly of myelinated axon tracts and is responsible for transmission of signals in the nervous system.

Related terms

  • Neuron: The basic working unit of the brain, a specialized cell designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells.
  • Dendrite: The branched projections of a neuron that act to propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body of the neuron from which the dendrites project.
  • Axon: A long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.
  • Glial cells: Non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and protection for neurons in the brain and peripheral nervous system.
  • Synapse: A structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell.
  • Capillary: The smallest of a body's blood vessels that make up the microcirculation. Their endothelial linings are only one cell layer thick.

External links

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