HLA-E

HLA-E is a human leukocyte antigen that is part of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecules. It is encoded by the HLA-E gene and is expressed in almost all cells. HLA-E plays a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in the regulation of natural killer cells.

Function

HLA-E binds to a subset of peptides derived from the leader sequences of other MHC class I molecules and presents these peptides to the T cells and natural killer cells. This interaction plays a significant role in the immune response, as it helps the immune system distinguish between self and non-self cells.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the HLA-E gene have been associated with various diseases. For instance, certain HLA-E alleles have been linked to an increased susceptibility to HIV infection and progression to AIDS. Moreover, HLA-E polymorphisms have been implicated in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes.

See also

• Human leukocyte antigen
• Major Histocompatibility Complex
• Natural killer cell
• T cell

External links

• HLA-E at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)