High-functioning autism
High-functioning autism
High-functioning autism (HFA) is a term applied to people with autism who are deemed to be cognitively "higher functioning" (with an IQ of 70 or greater) than other people with autism. Individuals with HFA or Asperger syndrome may exhibit deficits in areas of communication, emotion recognition and expression, and social interaction.
Pronunciation: /haɪˈfʌŋkʃənɪŋ ˈɔːtɪzəm/
Etymology: The term "high-functioning autism" is a descriptive term, not a diagnostic one. "High-functioning" is derived from the fact that individuals classified under this category have an IQ of 70 or above, which is considered within the normal range of cognitive abilities. "Autism" is derived from the Greek word "autos," meaning "self," and was first used by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1910 to describe a group of symptoms of schizophrenia.
Symptoms
People with HFA have difficulties with social interaction and communication, repetitive behaviors, and limited interests or activities. These symptoms can vary widely in type and severity. HFA may not be noticed until a child starts school and social interactions increase.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of HFA is based on the presence of characteristic behaviors. There are no medical tests for HFA, but a thorough evaluation includes observing and interviewing the individual, and talking with parents and other family members. Other tests may assess any language delay or to rule out other conditions with similar symptoms.
Treatment
There is no cure for HFA, but therapies and behavioral interventions are designed to remedy specific symptoms and can bring about substantial improvement. The ideal treatment plan coordinates therapies and interventions that meet the specific needs of the individual.
Related Terms
- Asperger syndrome
- Autism spectrum
- Pervasive developmental disorder
- Social communication disorder
- Sensory processing disorder
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on High-functioning autism
- Wikipedia's article - High-functioning autism
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