IV

IV (Intravenous Therapy)

Intravenous therapy (IV) is a therapy that delivers fluids directly into a vein. The intravenous route of administration can be used for injections (with a syringe at higher pressures) as well as infusions, typically using only the pressure supplied by gravity. Intravenous therapy may be used to correct electrolyte imbalances, to deliver medications, for blood transfusion or as fluid replacement to correct, for example, dehydration. Intravenous therapy can also be used for chemotherapy.

Types of Access

Depending on the type of infusion, the therapy may be termed a peripheral intravenous (PIV) line. Other common intravenous access techniques include the peripheral IV line and central venous catheter.

Peripheral IV Line

A peripheral IV line (PIV) is used on peripheral veins (the veins in the arms, hands, legs and feet). This is the most common type of IV therapy used.

Central Venous Catheter

A central venous catheter (CVC) is a conduit for giving drugs or fluids into a large-bore catheter positioned either in a vein near the heart or just inside the atrium.

Uses

Intravenous therapy is used to deliver medications, replace fluids, correct electrolyte imbalances, and for blood transfusions.

Medication Delivery

Intravenous therapy allows for the fastest delivery of medications throughout the body, as they are introduced directly into the circulatory system.

Fluid Replacement

Intravenous therapy is often used to replace fluids in patients who are dehydrated or unable to consume adequate fluids orally.

Electrolyte Imbalances

Intravenous therapy can be used to correct electrolyte imbalances in the body, such as potassium or sodium imbalances.

Blood Transfusions

Intravenous therapy is used during blood transfusions to introduce new blood into the patient's circulatory system.

Risks and Complications

While intravenous therapy is a common and often necessary medical procedure, it is not without risks. These can include infection at the injection site, a blood clot, or an allergic reaction to the medication being administered.

See Also

• Peripheral IV Line
• Central Venous Catheter
• Medication Delivery
• Fluid Replacement
• Electrolyte Imbalances
• Blood Transfusions