Ileal vessels

REDIRECT Superior mesenteric artery

Ileal Vessels

The ileal vessels are a group of blood vessels that supply the ileum, which is the final and longest segment of the small intestine. These vessels are primarily branches of the superior mesenteric artery and the superior mesenteric vein.

Diagram of the superior mesenteric artery and its branches, including the ileal arteries.

Arterial Supply

The arterial supply to the ileum is primarily provided by the ileal branches of the superior mesenteric artery. The superior mesenteric artery arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta just below the level of the celiac trunk.

• Superior Mesenteric Artery: This artery gives off numerous branches that supply the small intestine, including the jejunum and ileum. The ileal branches are numerous and form an extensive network of anastomoses, ensuring a rich blood supply to the ileum.

Venous Drainage

The venous drainage of the ileum is through the ileal veins, which accompany the arteries and drain into the superior mesenteric vein.

• Superior Mesenteric Vein: This vein collects blood from the small intestine, including the ileum, and drains into the portal vein, which then carries blood to the liver for processing.

Lymphatic Drainage

The lymphatic drainage of the ileum follows the arterial supply. Lymph from the ileum drains into the mesenteric lymph nodes, which are located along the superior mesenteric artery.

Nerve Supply

The nerve supply to the ileum is derived from the autonomic nervous system, including both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.

• Sympathetic Innervation: Provided by the superior mesenteric plexus, which decreases intestinal motility and secretion.
• Parasympathetic Innervation: Provided by the vagus nerve, which increases intestinal motility and secretion.

Related Pages

• Superior mesenteric artery
• Superior mesenteric vein
• Small intestine
• Abdominal aorta
• Portal vein