Insulin Resistance
Insulin Resistance
Insulin resistance (pronounced: in-su-lin re-sis-tance) is a pathological condition in which cells fail to respond normally to the hormone insulin. The body produces insulin, but the cells in the body become resistant to it and are unable to use it as effectively, leading to high blood sugar. Beta cells in the pancreas then produce even more insulin, contributing to a high insulin level. This is the primary problem in type 2 diabetes.
Etymology
The term "insulin resistance" is derived from the hormone insulin, which was first discovered in 1921 by Canadian scientists Frederick Banting and Charles Best, and the word "resistance", which refers to the inability of the body's cells to respond effectively to the hormone.
Related Terms
- Hyperinsulinemia: A condition in which there are excess levels of insulin circulating in the blood relative to the level of glucose. It is often associated with insulin resistance.
- Metabolic syndrome: A cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing your risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance is a key component of this syndrome.
- Glucose intolerance: A pre-diabetic state of hyperglycemia that is associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular pathology.
- Type 2 diabetes: A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose). Insulin resistance is a major cause of type 2 diabetes.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Insulin Resistance
- Wikipedia's article - Insulin Resistance
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