Intervertebral discs
Intervertebral Discs
Intervertebral discs (pronunciation: in-ter-ver-te-bral discs) are an essential part of the human anatomy, specifically the spinal column.
Etymology
The term "intervertebral" is derived from the Latin words "inter," meaning between, and "vertebra," referring to the bones in the spine. Thus, "intervertebral" refers to something located between the vertebrae.
Definition
Intervertebral discs are fibrocartilaginous cushions serving as the spine's shock-absorbing system, which protect the vertebrae, brain, and other structures (like nerves). They are located between the vertebrae in the spinal column, allowing for movement and providing support to the spine.
Structure
Each intervertebral disc is composed of two parts: the annulus fibrosus and the nucleus pulposus. The annulus fibrosus is the tough, flexible outer ring of the disc, while the nucleus pulposus is the soft, jelly-like center.
Function
Intervertebral discs perform several functions, including carrying weight, absorbing shock, and allowing movement in the spine. They also create the spinal column's spaces, known as intervertebral foramina, through which the spinal nerves exit.
Related Terms
- Vertebrae: The individual bones that stack to make the spine.
- Spinal column: The structural central part of the skeleton, which houses the spinal cord.
- Annulus fibrosus: The outer layer of an intervertebral disc.
- Nucleus pulposus: The inner core of an intervertebral disc.
- Intervertebral foramina: The openings between every pair of vertebrae, which allow nerve roots to exit the spinal column.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Intervertebral discs
- Wikipedia's article - Intervertebral discs
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