Iproniazid
Iproniazid
Iproniazid (pronounced as ip-ro-ni-a-zid) is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that was initially developed for the treatment of tuberculosis, but later found to have antidepressant properties. It was one of the first antidepressants discovered and was widely used in the late 1950s before being withdrawn from the market due to hepatotoxicity concerns.
Etymology
The term "Iproniazid" is derived from its chemical structure, isopropyl hydrazine, and its initial indication for use in treating tuberculosis, hence the suffix "-niazid".
Usage
Iproniazid was initially used as an antitubercular agent due to its ability to inhibit the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, it was observed that patients treated with Iproniazid experienced elevated moods, leading to its use as an antidepressant. It works by inhibiting the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which breaks down monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain, thereby increasing their availability and enhancing mood.
Side Effects
The most serious side effect of Iproniazid is hepatotoxicity, or liver damage. This led to its withdrawal from the market. Other side effects may include nausea, dizziness, and insomnia.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Iproniazid
- Wikipedia's article - Iproniazid
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