Isomerism

Isomerism

Isomerism (pronunciation: /aɪˈsɒmərɪzəm/) is a fundamental concept in Chemistry that refers to the phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same Molecular formula but different structural or spatial arrangements of the atoms. The term is derived from the Greek words 'isos' meaning equal and 'meros' meaning part.

Types of Isomerism

Isomerism can be broadly classified into two types: Structural Isomerism and Stereoisomerism.

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism, also known as constitutional isomerism, occurs when the atoms are connected in different ways or sequences. This can further be divided into several subtypes including:

• Chain Isomerism
• Functional Group Isomerism
• Tautomeric Isomerism
• Position Isomerism
• Ring-Chain Isomerism

Stereoisomerism

Stereoisomerism occurs when the atoms have the same sequence of bonded atoms, but differ in their spatial orientations. This can be further divided into:

• Geometric Isomerism
• Optical Isomerism

Importance of Isomerism

Isomerism is a critical concept in chemistry and biochemistry as isomers can have different chemical and physical properties, including reactivity, boiling point, and color. This can have significant implications in fields such as Drug design and Environmental Chemistry.

See Also

• Chirality (chemistry)
• Enantiomer
• Diastereomer
• Cis-trans isomerism

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Isomerism
• Wikipedia's article - Isomerism

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