Isotopes of sodium
Isotopes of Sodium
Sodium (Na) is a chemical element with the atomic number 11. It is a member of the alkali metal group in the periodic table. Sodium has several isotopes, but only one of them, sodium-23, is stable. The other isotopes are radioactive and have various applications in scientific research and industry.
Stable Isotope
Sodium-23
Sodium-23 is the only stable isotope of sodium. It has 11 protons and 12 neutrons. Sodium-23 is the most abundant isotope, making up nearly 100% of natural sodium. It is used in various applications, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, where it helps in studying the structure of compounds.
Radioactive Isotopes
Sodium-22
Sodium-22 is a radioactive isotope of sodium with a half-life of about 2.6 years. It decays by positron emission to neon-22. Sodium-22 is used in positron emission tomography (PET) and as a tracer in biological studies. The image on the right shows a sodium-22 disk, which is often used in calibration of radiation detection equipment.
Sodium-24
Sodium-24 is another radioactive isotope of sodium, with a half-life of approximately 15 hours. It is produced by neutron activation of sodium-23 and is used in medical diagnostics and as a tracer in industrial applications. Sodium-24 is particularly useful in studying the flow of sodium in chemical processes and in nuclear reactors.
Applications of Sodium Isotopes
Sodium isotopes have various applications in science and industry. The stable isotope, sodium-23, is widely used in NMR spectroscopy. Radioactive isotopes like sodium-22 and sodium-24 are used in medical imaging, industrial tracers, and scientific research.
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