KRT5

KRT5 (pronounced as "kay-are-tee-five"), also known as Keratin 5, is a type of Keratin protein that is primarily expressed in the basal layer of the Epithelium. It is encoded by the KRT5 gene in humans.

Etymology

The term "KRT5" is an abbreviation for "Keratin 5". The word "Keratin" comes from the Greek word "κέρας" (keras), meaning "horn". This is because keratin proteins, including KRT5, are key structural components of hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin, all of which are as tough as horns.

Function

KRT5, along with KRT14, forms the intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton of basal epidermal cells. These filaments provide structural support and play a crucial role in cell shape, integrity, and response to mechanical stress. Mutations in the KRT5 gene can lead to Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, a condition characterized by fragile skin that blisters easily.

Related Terms

• Keratin: A family of fibrous structural proteins, of which KRT5 is a member.
• Epithelium: The thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal and other hollow structures.
• Epidermolysis bullosa simplex: A genetic condition caused by mutations in the KRT5 or KRT14 genes.
• KRT14: Another type of keratin protein that works with KRT5 to form intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton of basal epidermal cells.

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