Keystone
Keystone (medicine)
Keystone (pronounced: /ˈkiːˌstoʊn/) is a term used in various fields of medicine. The etymology of the word "keystone" is derived from the architectural term referring to the central, wedge-shaped stone in an arch which holds all the other stones in place. In a medical context, it often refers to a crucial component or factor in a system or structure.
In Anatomy
In anatomy, a keystone refers to a central or crucial anatomical structure that plays a vital role in the function or stability of a particular body part. For example, the keystone of the arch of the foot is the navicular bone, which plays a critical role in maintaining the arch's shape and function.
In Pathology
In pathology, the keystone concept is used to describe the pivotal role of certain factors or elements in the development and progression of diseases. For instance, the keystone-pathogen hypothesis proposes that certain low-abundance microbial pathogens can orchestrate inflammatory disease by remodeling a normally benign microbiota into a dysbiotic one.
In Surgery
In surgery, the keystone design periosteal flap is a type of flap used in reconstructive surgery. It is named for its distinctive shape, which resembles an architectural keystone.
Related Terms
- Arch (anatomy): An arch is a curved structure, usually of hard tissue such as bone, that spans an open space.
- Navicular bone: The navicular bone is one of the tarsal bones, found in the foot.
- Periosteum: The periosteum is a membrane that covers the outer surface of all bones, except at the joints of long bones.
- Flap (surgery): A flap is a piece of tissue that is still attached to the body by a major artery and vein or at its base.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Keystone
- Wikipedia's article - Keystone
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