Malassezia

Malassezia is a genus of fungi that is naturally found on the skin surfaces of many animals, including humans. Some species of this fungus are associated with various skin conditions, including dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis.

Overview

Malassezia is a lipophilic, unipolar budding yeast. It is part of the normal flora of the skin in both humans and animals. The genus currently includes 14 species, some of which are associated with skin diseases.

Physiology

Malassezia species are part of the normal skin flora and can be found in areas rich in sebaceous glands, such as the scalp, face, and upper part of the body. They require lipids to grow, which they obtain from the host's sebum.

Pathogenesis

While Malassezia species are part of the normal skin flora, they can also act as opportunistic pathogens. They are associated with various skin conditions, including dandruff, seborrhoeic dermatitis, pityriasis versicolor, and Malassezia folliculitis. The exact mechanisms by which Malassezia contributes to these conditions are not fully understood, but it is believed that both the direct effects of the fungi and the host's immune response play a role.

Treatment

Treatment of skin conditions associated with Malassezia typically involves the use of antifungal medications. These can include topical treatments, such as ketoconazole or ciclopirox olamine, or oral medications in more severe cases.

See also

• Dermatology
• Mycology
• Seborrhoeic dermatitis
• Pityriasis versicolor

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  Malassezia furfur in skin scale from a patient with tinea versicolor

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  Pityrosporum folliculitis