Mary Calderone

American physician and public health advocate

Mary Steichen Calderone

Mary Steichen Calderone (July 1, 1904 – October 24, 1998) was an influential American physician, public health advocate, and a pioneer in the field of sex education. She was instrumental in shaping the discourse around sexual health and education in the United States during the 20th century.

Early life and education

Mary Calderone was born in New York City, the daughter of Edward Steichen, a renowned photographer, and Clara Emma Smith. Her upbringing in a culturally rich environment influenced her progressive views on social issues. Calderone attended the Brearley School and later graduated from Vassar College in 1925 with a degree in chemistry. She pursued further studies at the University of Rochester, where she earned her medical degree in 1939.

Career

Medical practice

After completing her medical degree, Calderone worked as a physician in various capacities, including a stint at the New York City Department of Health. Her early career was marked by a commitment to public health and preventive medicine.

Planned Parenthood

In 1953, Calderone joined the Planned Parenthood Federation of America as its medical director. During her tenure, she advocated for the availability of contraceptives and worked to destigmatize discussions around reproductive health. Her efforts were pivotal in expanding access to family planning services across the United States.

Sex Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS)

In 1964, Calderone co-founded the Sex Information and Education Council of the United States (SIECUS), an organization dedicated to promoting comprehensive sex education. Under her leadership, SIECUS became a leading voice in advocating for sex education in schools, emphasizing the importance of informed and open discussions about sexuality.

Legacy

Calderone's work laid the foundation for modern sex education programs. She challenged societal norms and fought against censorship, believing that education was key to addressing issues such as teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Her efforts have had a lasting impact on public health policy and education.

Personal life

Mary Calderone was married twice, first to W. Lon Martin, with whom she had two daughters, and later to Frank Calderone, a public health official. Her personal experiences and professional collaborations enriched her understanding of the complexities surrounding sexual health.

Death

Calderone passed away on October 24, 1998, in Kensington, New Hampshire. Her contributions to public health and education continue to be celebrated by advocates and educators worldwide.

Related pages

• Sex education
• Planned Parenthood
• Public health

Edward Steichen, father of Mary Calderone