Murray River

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Major river in southeastern Australia

The Murray River is the longest river in Australia, stretching over 2,508 kilometers (1,558 miles). It flows through the states of New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia, eventually emptying into the Southern Ocean at the Murray Mouth. The river is a significant geographical feature of the Murray-Darling Basin, which is one of the most important agricultural regions in Australia.

Geography

The Murray River originates in the Australian Alps in southeastern New South Wales. It flows westward, forming the border between New South Wales and Victoria before turning south into South Australia. The river's basin covers an area of over 1 million square kilometers, making it one of the largest river basins in the world.

Tributaries

The Murray River has several major tributaries, including:

• Murrumbidgee River
• Goulburn River
• Darling River
• Lachlan River

Ecology

The river supports a diverse range of ecosystems and is home to numerous species of fish, birds, and other wildlife. However, the health of the river has been significantly impacted by human activities such as irrigation, agriculture, and urban development. Efforts are ongoing to restore and protect the river's natural environment.

History

The Murray River has been a vital resource for Indigenous Australians for thousands of years. It was first explored by Europeans in the early 19th century, with Charles Sturt being one of the most notable explorers. The river has since played a crucial role in the development of the surrounding regions, particularly in terms of agriculture and transportation.

Economy

The Murray River is essential for irrigation, supporting a wide range of agricultural activities, including the cultivation of crops such as rice, cotton, and grapes. The river also supports a thriving tourism industry, with activities such as boating, fishing, and camping being popular among visitors.

Challenges

The Murray River faces several challenges, including water scarcity, pollution, and the impacts of climate change. Various initiatives have been implemented to address these issues, including water management plans and environmental restoration projects.

See also

• Murray-Darling Basin
• Darling River
• Murrumbidgee River
• Goulburn River (Victoria)
• Lachlan River
• Australian Alps
• Southern Ocean

External links

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