Myxoma virus

Myxoma virus is a virus that belongs to the family Poxviridae and the genus Leporipoxvirus. It is known for causing myxomatosis in rabbits, a disease that can be fatal. The virus is spread through direct contact, as well as by vectors such as fleas and mosquitoes.

History

The Myxoma virus was first identified in the 1890s in Uruguay. It was later used in Australia and Europe in the 1950s as a biological control agent to reduce rabbit populations, which had become pests in these areas. However, the use of the virus led to the evolution of both the virus and the rabbit species, with the virus becoming less virulent and the rabbits developing resistance.

Structure

The Myxoma virus is a large, double-stranded DNA virus. It has a complex structure, with a central core containing the DNA, surrounded by layers of proteins and lipids. The virus has a number of genes that help it evade the host's immune response.

Pathogenesis

The Myxoma virus causes myxomatosis in rabbits, a disease characterized by skin tumors, fever, and often death. The virus enters the body through the skin, often via a bite from a vector. It then replicates in the local tissue before spreading to the lymph nodes and the rest of the body.

Treatment and control

There is no specific treatment for myxomatosis. Control measures include vaccination and the control of vectors. In areas where the virus is used for biological control of rabbit populations, the virus is often deliberately released.

See also

• Poxviridae
• Leporipoxvirus
• Myxomatosis
• Biological control

References

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  Myxoma virus (transmission electron microscope)

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  Evolutionary History of MYXV