Nonanal

Chemical compound

Structural formula of Nonanal

Nonanal, also known as pelargonaldehyde, is an aldehyde with the chemical formula C₉H₁₈O. It is a saturated fatty aldehyde that is commonly found in the essential oils of various plants and is used in the fragrance industry due to its pleasant odor.

Structure and Properties

Nonanal is a linear alkyl aldehyde with a nine-carbon chain. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature and has a characteristic citrus-like odor. The molecule consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) attached to a nonane chain, making it a member of the aliphatic aldehydes.

Physical Properties

• Molecular formula: C₉H₁₈O
• Molar mass: 142.24 g/mol
• Density: 0.83 g/cm³
• Boiling point: 191 °C (375.8 °F)
• Melting point: -18 °C (-0.4 °F)

Chemical Properties

Nonanal is a relatively stable compound but can undergo typical aldehyde reactions such as oxidation to form nonanoic acid and reduction to form nonanol. It can also participate in condensation reactions with other compounds.

Occurrence

Nonanal is naturally occurring and can be found in the essential oils of various plants, including citrus fruits, rose, and lavender. It is also present in the emissions of some insects and is used as a pheromone in certain species.

Uses

Nonanal is widely used in the fragrance industry due to its pleasant odor. It is a component of many perfumes and cosmetic products. Additionally, it is used as a flavoring agent in the food industry, providing a citrus-like flavor to various products.

Safety and Handling

Nonanal should be handled with care, as it can cause irritation to the skin and eyes. It is recommended to use protective equipment such as gloves and goggles when handling the compound. In case of contact, affected areas should be rinsed thoroughly with water.

Related Pages

• Aldehyde
• Nonanoic acid
• Essential oil
• Fragrance