Nonsyndromic deafness
Nonsyndromic Deafness
Nonsyndromic deafness (pronunciation: non-sin-dro-mic deaf-ness) is a type of hearing loss that does not have any other associated signs or symptoms. It is the most common form of congenital deafness, accounting for about 70% of all cases.
Etymology
The term "nonsyndromic" is derived from the Greek words "non" meaning "not", and "syndrome" which refers to a group of symptoms that collectively indicate or characterize a disease. The term "deafness" comes from the Old English "deaf", which means lacking the power of hearing.
Definition
Nonsyndromic deafness is characterized by a loss of hearing that is not associated with other symptoms or abnormalities. It is typically inherited and can be present at birth or develop later in life. The severity of the hearing loss can vary from mild to profound.
Causes
Nonsyndromic deafness can be caused by genetic mutations. The most common type of nonsyndromic deafness is autosomal recessive, meaning both parents must carry the mutated gene for the child to be affected. Other types include autosomal dominant, X-linked, and mitochondrial.
Related Terms
- Congenital Deafness: Deafness present at birth.
- Genetic Deafness: Deafness caused by genetic factors.
- Autosomal Recessive: A type of inheritance where two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop.
- Autosomal Dominant: A type of inheritance where one copy of the abnormal gene from one parent is sufficient to cause the disease.
- X-linked: A type of inheritance where the gene causing the disease is located on the X chromosome.
- Mitochondrial: Referring to the mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nonsyndromic deafness
- Wikipedia's article - Nonsyndromic deafness
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