Occlusion
Occlusion refers to the alignment of teeth and the way that the upper and lower teeth fit together (bite). The upper teeth should fit slightly over the lower teeth. The points of the molars should fit the grooves of the opposite molar.
Types of Occlusion
There are three classes of occlusion:
- Class I Occlusion: This is the normal relationship between the upper and lower teeth. The upper teeth slightly overlap the lower teeth.
- Class II Occlusion: Also known as distocclusion, in this type, the upper teeth significantly overlap the lower teeth. This can cause difficulty in chewing and may lead to jaw and muscle problems.
- Class III Occlusion: Also known as mesiocclusion, in this type, the lower teeth overlap the upper teeth. This can also cause difficulty in chewing and may lead to jaw and muscle problems.
Effects of Poor Occlusion
Poor occlusion can lead to several problems such as:
- Tooth decay and gum disease: Poor occlusion can make it difficult to clean all the areas of your teeth and gums, leading to tooth decay and gum disease.
- Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD): Poor occlusion can put stress on your jaw, leading to TMD.
- Chewing and digestion problems: Poor occlusion can make it difficult to chew food properly, which can lead to digestion problems.
- Speech problems: Poor occlusion can affect your ability to speak clearly.
Treatment of Poor Occlusion
Treatment of poor occlusion may involve:
- Orthodontics: Braces or other appliances are used to move the teeth into the correct position.
- Restorative dentistry: Crowns, bridges, or implants may be used to replace missing teeth or repair damaged teeth.
- Oral surgery: In severe cases, surgery may be needed to reposition the jaw.
- Periodontics: Treatment of gum disease may be needed.
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