Optokinetic drum
Optokinetic Drum
Optokinetic Drum (pronounced: op-toh-ki-net-ik drum) is a medical device used in the field of Neurology and Ophthalmology to test the Optokinetic reflex of an individual.
Etymology
The term 'Optokinetic' is derived from the Greek words 'opto' meaning 'vision' and 'kinetic' meaning 'movement'. The term 'drum' is derived from the Old English 'drum' meaning 'a hollow cylinder'.
Description
An Optokinetic Drum is a cylindrical device with alternating black and white stripes. The drum is rotated around the patient, and the patient's eye movements are observed. The purpose of this test is to induce Nystagmus, a condition characterized by involuntary eye movements.
Usage
The Optokinetic Drum is used to evaluate the integrity of the Optokinetic Nystagmus pathway, which involves the Retina, Optic nerve, Brainstem, and Cerebral cortex. It is also used to assess the balance of the Vestibular system and to diagnose certain neurological disorders.
Related Terms
- Optokinetic reflex: A reflexive eye movement that occurs in response to objects moving in the visual field.
- Nystagmus: Involuntary eye movement produced by a semicircular canal stimulation.
- Vestibular system: The sensory system that contributes to balance and spatial orientation.
- Retina: The light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye.
- Optic nerve: The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.
- Brainstem: The part of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord.
- Cerebral cortex: The outer layer of the cerebrum, responsible for higher brain processes such as sensation, voluntary muscle movement, thought, reasoning, and memory.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Optokinetic drum
- Wikipedia's article - Optokinetic drum
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