Orthodontia
Orthodontia
Orthodontia (pronounced: or-tho-don-tia), also known as Orthodontics, is a specialty of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis, prevention, and correction of malpositioned teeth and jaws. The term "Orthodontia" is derived from the Greek words "orthos" meaning straight or proper, and "odont" meaning tooth.
History
Orthodontia as a science dates back at least to the time of Hippocrates and Aristotle, who both made observations concerning the straightening of teeth. However, significant development in the field did not occur until the 18th century with the work of Pierre Fauchard and others.
Treatment
Orthodontic treatment can focus on dental displacement only, or can deal with the control and modification of facial growth, known as dentofacial orthopedics. In the latter case, it is better defined as "dentofacial orthopaedics". Orthodontic treatment can be carried out for purely aesthetic reasons—improving the general appearance of patients' teeth and face for cosmetic reasons—but treatment is often prescribed for practical reasons, providing the patient with a functionally improved bite (occlusion).
Techniques
Orthodontic treatment can be carried out by using various medical dental devices, including braces, plates, headgear and clear aligners. The orthodontist customizes the treatment for each patient. After the course of treatment has completed, the patient will often wear a retainer to maintain the new position of their teeth.
Related Terms
- Malocclusion: Refers to misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close.
- Braces: Devices used in orthodontics that align and straighten teeth and help position them with regard to a person's bite, while also aiming to improve dental health.
- Retainer: A custom-made, removable or fixed appliance that helps teeth maintain their new position after braces have been removed.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Orthodontia
- Wikipedia's article - Orthodontia
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