Ozena
Ozena
Ozena (pronounced: oh-zen-uh) is a medical condition characterized by atrophic rhinitis, a chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa leading to a foul-smelling nasal discharge, nasal obstruction, and atrophy of the nasal structures.
Etymology
The term "Ozena" is derived from the Greek word "ozein", which means "to smell". It was first used in medical literature in the 19th century to describe a condition characterized by a foul-smelling nasal discharge.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of Ozena is a persistent, foul-smelling nasal discharge. Other symptoms may include nasal obstruction, crusting in the nose, nosebleeds, and a decreased sense of smell. In severe cases, atrophy of the nasal structures can lead to a widening of the nasal bridge, also known as saddle nose deformity.
Causes
The exact cause of Ozena is unknown. However, it is thought to be associated with chronic bacterial infections, particularly with Klebsiella ozaenae and Proteus mirabilis. Other factors that may contribute to the development of Ozena include poor hygiene, malnutrition, and a weakened immune system.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Ozena is primarily based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination of the nasal cavity. Laboratory tests may be performed to identify the presence of bacteria such as Klebsiella ozaenae or Proteus mirabilis. In some cases, a nasal endoscopy may be performed to assess the extent of nasal atrophy.
Treatment
Treatment for Ozena typically involves long-term antibiotic therapy to treat the underlying bacterial infection. Nasal irrigation with saline solutions may also be recommended to help alleviate symptoms. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct nasal deformities.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Ozena
- Wikipedia's article - Ozena
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