Peerage
Peerage is a legal system of largely hereditary titles in the United Kingdom, constituted by three ranks: duke, marquess, and earl. The ranks of the peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount, and Baron. The peerage has a long and complex history, dating back to the Anglo-Saxon times.
History
The origins of the peerage can be traced back to the Anglo-Saxon period. The system was formalised in the Middle Ages when the king started to summon his most powerful subjects to his Great Council. This evolved into the House of Lords, and the members of the council became known as peers.
Ranks
The five ranks of the peerage, in descending order of precedence, are: Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount, and Baron. Each rank has a distinct title and set of privileges.
Duke
The title of Duke is the highest rank in the peerage. The first English dukedom was created in 1337.
Marquess
The rank of Marquess is below that of Duke. It was introduced to the British peerage by King Richard II in 1385.
Earl
The title of Earl is the third rank of the peerage. The term is derived from the Old English 'eorl', meaning 'warrior' or 'nobleman'.
Viscount
The rank of Viscount is below that of Earl. The title was introduced into the peerage in the 15th century.
Baron
The title of Baron is the lowest rank in the peerage. Barons were originally those who held land directly from the king.
See also
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Coronet of a British Duke
Coronet of a British Marquess
Coronet of a British Earl
Coronet of a British Viscount
Coronet of a British Baron
Torse of a British Gentleman
Coat of Arms of the College of Arms
Crown of a British King of Arms
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