Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (pronunciation: per-kyoo-TAY-nee-us nef-roh-lih-THOT-uh-mee) is a medical procedure used to treat kidney stones that are too large to pass through the urinary tract. The term is derived from the Latin "percutaneous" (through the skin), "nephro" (kidney), and "lithotomy" (removal of stone).
Procedure
In a Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy, a surgeon makes a small incision in the patient's back and inserts a hollow tube called a nephroscope into the kidney. The surgeon then uses the nephroscope to locate and remove the kidney stone. If the stone is too large to be removed in one piece, it may be broken up into smaller pieces using a laser or ultrasound device.
Indications
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy is typically recommended for patients with large kidney stones (greater than 2 cm in diameter), multiple kidney stones, or stones that have not responded to other treatments such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) or ureteroscopy.
Risks and Complications
As with any surgical procedure, Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy carries some risks. These may include infection, bleeding, damage to the kidney or surrounding organs, and the need for additional procedures if not all of the stone is removed.
Recovery
Recovery from Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy typically involves a hospital stay of one to two days. Patients may experience some pain and discomfort in the area of the incision, which can usually be managed with medication. Most patients are able to return to normal activities within a few weeks.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
- Wikipedia's article - Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
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