Permissive hypercapnia
Permissive Hypercapnia
Permissive hypercapnia (pronunciation: per-miss-ive hy-per-cap-nia) is a ventilatory strategy used in mechanical ventilation where higher levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) are allowed to achieve lower tidal volumes and airway pressures.
Etymology
The term "permissive hypercapnia" is derived from the Latin word "permissivus" meaning "allowing", and the Greek words "hyper" meaning "over" and "kapnos" meaning "smoke". This term was first used in the late 20th century in the context of lung protective ventilation strategies.
Definition
Permissive hypercapnia is a strategy used in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It involves allowing higher than normal levels of carbon dioxide in the blood (hypercapnia) to reduce the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).
Clinical Significance
Permissive hypercapnia is used to minimize the risk of VILI by reducing the tidal volume and airway pressures during mechanical ventilation. This strategy has been shown to improve survival in patients with ARDS and COPD. However, it may also lead to respiratory acidosis, which needs to be carefully managed.
Related Terms
- Mechanical ventilation: A method to assist or replace spontaneous breathing.
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): A severe lung condition causing hypoxia.
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A group of lung diseases characterized by airflow obstruction.
- Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI): Lung damage caused by the use of mechanical ventilation.
- Respiratory acidosis: A condition that occurs when the lungs can't remove enough of the carbon dioxide produced by the body.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Permissive hypercapnia
- Wikipedia's article - Permissive hypercapnia
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